Dib u Milicso Taariikhda!

Tan iyo markii ay dawladii dhexe ee Somaliya burburtay 1991 kana horyimaadeen jabhadihii abaabulnaa waxa soo if-baxayay in shaki wayni galay ummadda inteedii caqli lahayd ama saadaalinkaraysay mustaqbalka iyo aayaha ummadda Somaliyeed. Sababta ugu wayn ee shakiga abuurtayna waxa ay ahayd in jabhadihii markaas ka horyimid maamulkii Militeriga ahaa ee Maxamed Siyaad Barre in eedaha ugu wayn ee loohayay ay ka mid ahaayeen ama ugu wayneyd in aanay lahayd awood maskaxeed ama maamul oo ay ku hanan karaan hogaaminta ummadda Somaliyeed marka ay maamulka ka xayuubiyaan nidaamkii caskariga ah ee markaas wadanka ka talinayay, ummadda taladeeduna meel dhex ku dhici doonto. 

Si kastaba ha ahaatee aynu u iftiimino dareenkas shakiga abuurey ee aqoonyahanka ummadda ka dhex guuxayay inaga oo tusaale usoo qaadanayna ururkii SNM oo ahaa jabhadii ama dhaqdhaqaaqii ugu waynaa ee af-gembiyey maamulkii Maxamed Siyaad Barre kana faramaroojiyey taladii dalka ama la wareegey gobaladii waqooyi (Somaliland), ka dibna ku dhawaaqay gooni isu-taag ay dib ugula noqondeen xornimadoodii May 18 1991 Haddaba, aan u gudo galno dulucda qoraalkan e  sida uu Ibraahim Maygaag Samatar (AHN) oo ka mid ahaa hogaannadii SNM intii ay halganka ku jirtay waxa uu ku xusay waraaqdiisa (Paper-kiisa) Mending rips on the sky". "Cir-ku-baanashada biixiyaha burburey". ee uu turjumay Boobe Yusuf Ducaale kuna xusay Buugga uu ka qoray Ibraahim Maygaag Samatar (AHN) boggiisa 76aad inuu Ibraahim ka difaacayay eedahaas SNM loo soo jeediyey waana sidan qoraalka oo aan sidiisa u soo minguuriyey "Qaar idinka mid ah ayaa aad ugu fogaada eedeynta SNM ay ku eedenayaan in ay ahayd xarakad ama dhaqdhaqaaq aan aragti lahayn, aan barnaamaj-siyaasadeed lahayn, aan mujaahidin anshax(dishiplilned) leh lahayn intaa ka dib aan abaabuli karin ama dhisi karinba maamul suubban oo hadhaw marka nidaamka la rido buuxin kara madhnaanshaha soo baxa ama xilalka bannaanaada. kuwa sidaa u naqdiya SNM malayga waxa fiicnaan lahayd in ay sugaan in ay xilka qabato.

Ibraahim isaga oo sii wada hadalkiisa waxa uu ku kabay " waxaanu aaminsanahay in naqdiga iyo doodda caykan ahi yihiin qaar sar-ka-xaadis ah oo aan sidaa usii qodnayn. waa dad isku qaldaya shakhsiyaad ka tirsanaa dhaqdhaqaaqa SNM. Halkaas waxa aynu ka arki karnaa in uu jiray dareen ummadda inteeda kale qabtay, ururadii ka soo horjeeday maamulkii Maxamed Siyaad Barre-na ay aragti taa ka duwan qabeen sida aynu kor ku xusnay qoraalka aynu ka soo xiganay Buugga Ibraahim Maygaag Samatar ee uu qoray Boobe Yusuf Ducaale e. Balse, ururadii xoogga iyo iska caabinta kala horyimid Maamulkii dawlada dhexe ma ahayn oo keliya SNM balse waxa kale oo jirtay USC oo iyaduna koonfur kala dagaalantay Maamulkii Maxamed Siyaad Barre oo ugu danbayn talada dalka la wareegtay halka ay SNM-na May 18 1991 gooni isu-taag ay dib ugula noqondeen xornimadoodii.

Haddaba, aynu u noqono dulucda qoraalkeenan ee (30) soddon sanno ka dib waxa muuqata in dareenkii kii ay qabeen haldoorka ummadda Somaliyeed ee ahaa in mustaqbalka ummaddu meel dhex ku dhacayo waxa ay u muuqataaa in uu rumoobay marka aynu eegno sida hadda wax u jiraan iyo rajo la'aanta ummadda haysata oo aanay weli helin hogaamin sax ah oo dhaba u qaada isku haynta dadka iyo dalkaba, haba kala maqnaada labadii dawladood ee lixdankii isku biirey.  

Ayanle M.Ali 

Isniin,

March 30 2020.

Dulqaadku waa sahayda guusha

Dariiqa guushi sidiisaba waa mid qodxaan badan u baahan Samir iyo dhabar-adayg xad dhaaf ah, haddii ba ay dhacdo in aad dareento dhibkaas way adkaan doontaa in aad gaadho bar dhammaadka yoolkaagii. Ogow si kasta oo aad u dedaashana in ay taladu gacantaada mid aaan ahayn jirto oo ah ta Alle Swt in abuuray, markasta talaabo kasta oo aad qaadayso ku ladh talo-saarashada Alle Swt. 

Dadyowga dunidu way ku kala gedisan yihiin dariiqa guusha, balse ummad ahaan waynu u ga dhawnahay taas in kasta oo ay ku xidhantahay yaqiinta qofka iyo talo-saarashada Alle. 

Ugu dambayn, in aad dariiq jeexata way fududahay balse ha ilaawin talo-saarashada Alle Swt, u dhibirsanaw qadarka iyo in waxyaabaha qaar ay awoodada ka baxsan yihiin.

#Nabad iyo Barwaaqo ayan idin rajaynayaa. 

Mabaadiida Ayaa Sal U ah Horumarka!

Bulsho kasta, ha badnaato ama ha yaraato e, ha xooganaato ama ha tabar daraato, wax ay abuurataa mabaadii ay ku horumarto. Iyadoo is waydiinaysa su'aalahan:
1: Maxaa u baahan in la qabto?
2: Maxaan la qaban ?
Sidoo kale waxa ay dejisataa xeerar ogolaansho ama diidmo/dabar u noqonaya wixii markaas lagu heshiiyo.
Dhammaan waxyaabahan waxa ay ka yimaadaan isla bulshada lafteeda, sidoo kale, waxa ay suurto geliyaan is fahanka bulsheed waxa na la gu gaadhaa horumar. 

Is-faham!

What are Push and Pull Factors

What are Push and Pull Factors?

In geography, the terms "push" and "pull" factors are used to describe why people migrate from one area to another.

The opportunity of employment is a major pull factor in migration.

Introduction

Push and pull factors in geography refer to the causes of migration among people. The reasons can be social, economic, environmental or political in nature. People migrate from a place because of unsustainable conditions such as insecurity or unemployment - these are referred to as push factors as they drive people away. The factors which attract people to live in a particular environment can include security, employment, political stability and climate. They are referred to as pull factors.

Push factors

This refers to conditions which force people to leave their homes. A person moves because of distress. Migration is triggered by the promise of an easier and more enjoyable life elsewhere. Examples of push factors can include:

• Unemployment. Often, people leave places where they are less likely to get employment (such as rural areas) and go to urban areas where job opportunities are more plentiful. This factor has been the major reasons cities and towns are highly populated. Individuals leave their homes to search for employment in more industrialized areas.
• Insecurity. People move away from places that experience terrorism, violence, and high levels of crime. They move in search of peaceful and secure environment.
• Scarcity of land. People are forced to migrate in search of more land to cultivate and live in. Individuals in need of undertaking extensive agriculture move to less populated areas.
• Political instability. The effects of politics force people to move out of their homes or even countries, in search of a peaceful environment.
• Drought and famine. Some communities are nomads in that they move away from their land in periods of severe drought and famine in search of water and food.

Pull factors

Pull factors refer to the factors which attract people to move to a certain area. Examples of pull factors include:

• Availability of better job opportunities. People seeking employment leave their homes to the places that they can access better opportunities.
• Religious freedom. There are places in the world where free worship is not protected. People will flee from religious prosecution.
• Political freedom. People are attracted to governments that exercise democracy as opposed to dictatorship.
• Fertile land. People interested in farming are attracted by fertile lands.
• Environmental safety. Places free from environmental hazards like flooding, earthquakes, tsunamis, and hurricanes attract a lot of people. 

 Sources: https://www.worldatlas.com/

What are the Economic Sectors of Somalia.

Agricultural farm in Somalia.

           

Somalia is an African nation situated on the continent's eastern edge. The Somali economy is considered to be one of the least developed on the continent which is mainly attributed to the violence in the country. The violence in Somalia has made it difficult for international financial organizations to get accurate economic statistics from the country. However, the World Bank estimated that in 2018, the Somali gross domestic product was approximately $6.2 billion which was a 3.1% increase from the 2017 gross domestic product. The Somali economy is reliant on several industries such as agriculture, construction, mining, and telecommunication.

Agriculture

One of the most critical industries in Somalia is agriculture which employes more than 65% of the country's labor force. Like most sectors of the Somali economy, agriculture was significantly affected by the violence that rocked the country. In 2013, the agricultural industry contributed more than 60% of the country's gross domestic product. Farming in Somalia mainly takes place in the country's southern section in areas such as Hiran, Lower Juba, and Gedo that are considered to be the country's most fertile areas. The southern section of Somalia is home to several rivers such as the Juba and Shabelle that make the region more conducive to farming. Some of the crops that Somali farmers grow include sugarcane and bananas, which are sold to other nations, while maize (corn) and sorghum which are mainly grown for local consumption. Despite the presence of a vibrant agricultural industry in Somalia, the country is forced to import most of the food that the citizens consume. To improve the Somali agricultural sector, local farmers partnered with the World Food Program to sell cereals to the organization. Businesspeople in Somalia pledged to help farmers improve the country's agriculture industry.

Livestock keeping

Since ancient times, pastoralism has been one of Somalia's most vital industries. According to the Somali government, more than 80% of the Somali people were involved in pastoralism, and they kept animals such as sheep, camel, cattle, and goats. Most of Somalia's pastoralists move across the country in search of pasture and water for their animals. Apart from keeping animals, some of the pastoralists also gather gums and resins to increase their income. Some unique livestock breeds have been developed in the country such as the Somali sheep and the Somali goat. The Somali goat is mainly kept because it thrives in dry areas. The variety is kept for both meat and milk, and it can produce more than 6.6 pounds of milk during dry seasons. The Somali sheep, on the other hand, is mainly kept for meat. The sheep are also exported to other nations primarily those in the Arabian Peninsula. Apart from sheep, Somali herders also export cattle and camels to countries in the Arabian Peninsula. Some of the countries in the Arabian Peninsula have chosen to invest in Somalia's pastoralism industry to grow the sector.

Fishing

The fishing sector is one of Somalia's most important industries mainly because the country has an exceptionally long coastline. Before 1991, Somalia had several important fishing centers mainly located along the country's coast. During this period, some of the fish species that were often caught included tuna and lobster. Somalia's significant fish reserves attracted investment from other nations mainly those in Europe and Asia. The violence that rocked Somalia significantly affected the country's fishing industry as it discouraged investment in the sector. In the 21st century, the Somali government has attempted to work with the local communities to reestablish the country's fishing sector. In 2012, as part of the efforts to reestablish the country's fishing industry, engineers were employed to assess the renovations at one of the country's most important fishing ports, Las Khorey. The government of the UK assisted in the construction of a fish market at Garowe. Another measure that the Somali government took to improve the fishing sector was opening training schools for fishers.

Mining

Another sector essential to the Somali economy is the mining industry with some of the country's most important minerals being gemstones and salt. Somalia also has limited deposits of other significant minerals such as uranium, tin, and gold. Before 1991, the Somali government was in charge of granting mining rights to companies, however, after the government collapsed, it was difficult for companies to get rights to mine in the country legally. The collapse of the Somali government made it difficult to get accurate data from the country's mining industry. Some of the countries that have been granted the right to mine in Somalia include the East African Mining Corporation and Range Resources Limited from Australia. Industry experts believe that the Somali mining sector has the potential to be one of the country's most important industries.

Telecommunication

The telecommunication industry is one of Somalia's most important sectors. Most of Somalia's telecommunication infrastructure was destroyed during the fighting that took place during the 1991 civil war. By 2010, Somalia's telecommunication industry had experienced resurgence mainly as a result of companies setting up the country's missing infrastructure. Somalia's telecommunication industry attracted investment from foreign nations such as South Korea and China. The telecommunication companies allow the Somali people to bank and send money using their phones. The mobile money system is one of the most vital systems in Somalia as it allows people to pay for services without having to carry large sums of money. The most significant challenge facing the Somali telecommunication industry is the insecurity that plagues the country.

Tourism

Somalia has been blessed with a variety of beautiful sites that attract significant numbers of tourists to the country. The beaches of Somalia are some of its most important tourist attraction sites with the most famous one being the Gezira Beach in Mogadishu and the Baathela Beach in Berbera. The violence in Somalia has dramatically affected the country's tourism industry as it has discouraged tourists from visiting the country.

The Somali economy

The economy of Somalia has been severly affected by the violence that plagued the country. Despite the violence, Somalia has managed to maintain a vibrant informal sector. Various financial experts believe that if Somalia became peaceful, the country's economy would grow exponentially.

Source.www.worldatlas.com