Qoraalkan Koobani Waxa Uu Wax Ka Bedeli Doonaa Hab-Fikirkaagii Hore Ee Arimaha Geeska Afrika Khaasatan Siyaasada Ethiopia.

Buuggan oo aan qormadan ka soo xigtay waxa qorey Paul Collier oo ah  aqoonyahan reer maraykan ah waxa uu wax ka dhigaa jaamacada Harvard ee cariga maraykan, sidoo kale waxa uu madax ka yahay qaybta cilmi baadhista ee dhaqaalaha Afrika. Paul Collier waxa uu buuggan  kaga waramayaa dhibaatooyinka haysta Balayin qof oo Afrikan [ The Bottom Billion], isaga oo wax badan ku sababaynaya dawlad xumada haysata.

Haddaba, ujeedkayku waxa uu yahay haddii aad akhrido buuggan cutubkiisa afraad waxa uu kaga waramayaa in dhibaatooyinka wadamada Afrika ee noloshoodu hoosayso ay 38%  ay yihiin dalal aan lahayn Bad isaga oo tusaale u soo qaadanaya wadanka Yugandha.

Inkasta oo Paul Collier aanu sababta u gu wayn ka dhiganay hoos u dhacooda dhaqaale waxa uu tusaale u soo qaadanaya oo is barbar dhigayaa Yugandha iyo Iswitherland  oo ka mid ah wadamada u gu nolosha fiican wadamada yurub u guna dimuqraadisan. Waxa u ku sababaynayaa in labadan wadan ka la nolol iyo dhaqaale fiicnaadaan in ay saamayn wayn ku leedahay wadamada deriskoodu [ Neighbors], tusaale ahaan Switherland waxa ay la deristahay wadamadan Germany, Italy, France and Austria, halka ay Uganda la deristahay Kenya, Sudan, Rwanda, Somalia iyo Democratic Republic of Congo.waxa uu qoraagu soo jeedinayaa in wadamada gobolka uu wadan ka tirsan yahay ay sidoo kale muhiimad wayn u leedahay kobociisa dhaqan-dhaqaale. Paul Collier waxa uu wadama qaarada Afrika ee aan Baddaha lahayn u soo jeedinayaa u gu horeyn in ay ka shaqeeyaan sidii ay deriskoodu u wanaagsanan lahaa [ Create a Better Neighbor] isaga oo ku soo koobaya sagaal talaabo si kobocooda dhaqaale u noqda mid nolosha dadkoda ee aad u hoosaysa saamayn u gu yeesho.

Talaabooyinkani waa sidan soo socota.

1. Kor u kaca deriskaaga oo aad kaalin ku lahaado [Increase neighborhood growth spillover] tani waxa ay muujinaysaa in aad awood u yeelato in aad qayb ka noqoto koboca dhaqaale ee wadamada deriskaga gaar ahaan ku leh badaha adiga oo qayb laxaad leh ku yeelanaya in la helo kaabayaal dhaqaale oo fiican fududayn karana isku xidhka gobolka. 

2. Horumarinta dhaqaale ee deriska oo aad ka dhex muuqato [Improve neighbors economic policies] ujeedada ka dambaysa in aad door muhiim ah ku lahaato in siyaasada dhaqaale ee wadamadoodu waxa ay saamayn togan ku yeelanaysaa in aad awood u yeelato is dhex-gal dhaqan, dhaqaale iyo mid bulsheedba. 

3. kordhi awoodda aad u leedahay dekedaha gobolka [Improve coastal access], in aad awood u yeelato in aad gaadho dekadaha deriskagu waxa ay muhiimad wayn u leedahay wadamada aan badaha lahayn, laakiin xusuusno in aad awood u yeelato waxa ay u baahan tahay in la horumariyo isku socodka iyo kaabayashaa dhaqaale. Markasta oo wadamada deriska la ah ee badaha leh ay awood u yeeshan in ay horumariyan isku socodka iyo guud ahaan kaabayaasha dhaqaale [ Transport and Infrastructure] waxa ay faa'iido u leedahay wadamada aan badaha lahayn. 

4. Door muhiim oo aad ka ciyaarto siyaasada gobolkaga [Become a haven for the region], qoraagu waxa uu is dul taagayaa in ay dawaladahani kordhiyaan saamaynta ay ku leeyihiin isbedelada siyaasadeed ee gobolka ay ka tirsan yihiin 

5. In ay abuuraan duulimaadyo iyo adeegyada Electronics [Dont be airlocked or E-locked] qodobkan waxa uu qoragu wadamada aan badaha la hayn u soo jeedinayaa in ay horumar ka sameeyaan isgaadhsiinta iyo waliba in ay kor u qaadan gaadiidka cirka sidda in ay abuuraan ka ganacsiga hawada ama isku socodka cirka oo ah in ay yeeshaan diyaarado rakaab oo dunida kale isku xidhi kara.

6. Xawaaladaha [Encourage Remitance] xawaaladuhu waa meelaha ay dawladaha Afrika dhaqaaluhu ka soo galo maadaama dadyawga Afrika in badani ku nool yihiin wadamada galbeedka iyo maraykankaba waxa ay tani u suurto gelinaysaa in ay dhaqaale ku soo celiyaan wadamadoodu. sidaas daradeed waxa uu qoraagu soo jeedinaya in ay dhiiri-geliyaan xawaaladaha.

7. In ay abuuraan nidaam isku socod iyo deegaan ku haaboon maalgashi[Create a transparent and investor-friendly environment for reaource prospecting] qoraagu waxa uu si guud u gu jeedinayaa wadamada aan lahayn baduhu in ay abuuraan nidaam isku socod oo wanaagsan iyo in ay soo jiidan karaan maalgashi caalami. In maalgashi caalami ka hana qaado wadankaaguna waxa ay ku xidhantahay in aad abuurto deegaan nabdoon oo soo jiidan kara indhaha maalgashadayaasha.

8. Horumarinta Baadiyaha [Rural development] waxa aynu ka wada war qabnaa in dhibaatooyinka u gu wayn ee Afrika haysta ay ka mid tahay in maagaalooyinka la is kugu yimid taas oo meesha ka saaraysa noloshii miyiga oo dadyawga Afrika badidoodu ku tiirsanayeen. Haddaba si ay wadamadan aan badaha lahayn u helaan ilo dhaqaale oo ay ku tiirsanadaan sida wax soosaarka Beeraha iyo xoolaha.

9. In ay soo dhawaystaan qaadhan bixiyeyaasha [Try to attract Aid], walow tan su'aalo badan ka taagan tahay dad way ka la gedisan oo ay ka mid tahay qoraaga buugga [Dead Aid Afrika] Dambis Moyo ay si buuxda u ga soo hor jeedo deeqaha Afrika la siiyo. Sababta dib udhaca iyo burburka ugu wacan ay ku sheegayso dadyow kala-na ay durayaan deeqaha Afrika la siiyo haddana qoraaga buuggan waxa uu dhiiri-gelinayaan in dawladahaas ku dhiiradaan in ay soo dhawaystaan qaadaan bixiyeyaasha.

Haddaba, aynu ku dabaqno soo jeedimahan kor ku xusan dawlada aynu jaarka nahay ee Ethiopia. Ethiopia sida ay dad badan oo inaga mid ahi oo aan anigu ka mid ahaa aaminsan yihiin waa in ay duulimaad ku tahay dhulka somalida oo ah meesha keliya ee ay awood u ga yeelan karto in ay Badda ay wax ka la soo degto ka hesho. Si tan fahan fiican loogu yeesho waa in ay nu si cilmiyeysan isku dul taagnaa qodobadan sare ku xusan, waxa ay ku tusinaysaa in Ethiopia dhaqdhaqaaqeedu aanu ka fogayn sagaalkan qodob ee aynu sare ku xusan. Tusaale, Ehiopia waxa ay horumar laxaad leh ka gaadhay isku socodka hawada iyada oo samaysatay  shirkadeeda duulimaadyada ee Ethiopian Airline oo aynu ka wada warqabno in ay tahay shirkada u gu horeysa xaga duulimaadyada qaarada Afrika. Si doo kale, waxa aynu wada ognahay in Ethiopia sanadii ugu dambeeyey ay kor u qaaday saamaynta ay ku leedahay Baddaha dhulka Soomalida, halka ay ka shaqaysay in deriskoodu Eriterea in ay heshiis la gaadhan. 

Ugu dambayn, dawlada Ethiopia waxa ay maanka ku haysaa sagaalkan qodob ee Paul Collier soo jeediyey marka aad dhinac walba ka fiirsato iyado oo sagaalka qodobba si dhab ah u samaysay. Ethiopia waa wadanka u gu saamaynta badan wadama Geeska Afrika, waana halka xudunta u ah dhammaan wadamadan. 

FG: Haddii aad qoraalkan waxa aad wax badan ka fahmi doonta aragtida Ethiopia-da cusub ee dardarta badan la soo gashay siyaasada Geeska Afrika, waana la ga yaabaa in ay nu ku kala aragti duwanano.